Search results for " intestine"

Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells: From the Crypt to the Clinic

2014

Since their first discovery, investigations of colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) have revealed some unexpected properties, including a high degree of heterogeneity and plasticity. By exploiting a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors, colorectal CSCs metastasize, resist chemotherapy, and continually adapt to a changing microenvironment, representing a formidable challenge to cancer eradication. Here, we review the current understanding of colorectal CSCs, including their origin, relationship to stem cells of the intestine, phenotypic characterization, and underlying regulatory mechanisms. We also discuss limitations to current preclinical models of colorectal …

�ber die Hemmung der Atp-Spaltung in der D�nndarmschleimhaut durch Kupfer

1952

Gluten affects epithelial differentiation-associated genes in small intestinal mucosa of coeliac patients

2007

Summary In coeliac disease gluten induces an immunological reaction in genetically susceptible patients, and influences on epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation in the small-bowel mucosa. Our aim was to find novel genes which operate similarly in epithelial proliferation and differentiation in an epithelial cell differentiation model and in coeliac disease patient small-bowel mucosal biopsy samples. The combination of cDNA microarray data originating from a three-dimensional T84 epithelial cell differentiation model and small-bowel mucosal biopsy samples from untreated and treated coeliac disease patients and healthy controls resulted in 30 genes whose mRNA expression was simila…

La teneur en lipides du régime affecte les capacitésd'absorption intestinale et la triglycéridémie postprandiale: contribution du récepteur nucléaire…

2007

The dietary long chain fatty acid have crucial functions into the organism such as energysource, eicosanoïdes synthesis, gene regulation). The fat disposal is essential and depend onintestinal barrier. It is well known that intestinal fat absorption is efficient. However, we don'tif the high triglycerides bioavailability of gut is attributable to inborn properties or to acquiredproperties. To answer this question, mice were subjected to a high-fat diet (40%, w/w) during21 days. We have shown that high-fat induces : 1) intestinal LCFA uptake, 2) intestinalmitotic index which leads to an increase of intestinal relative mass, 3) expression of genesinvolved in fatty uptake (Fatty Acid Transport…

Reperfusionsschock nach okklusion der A. mesenterica superior und akkumulation von leukozyten innerhalb der d�nndarmwand

1996

Der Epithelschaden und die Leukozytenakkumulation in der Wand des Ileums nach Ischamie und Reperfusion wurden experimentell am Schwein untersucht. Die A. mesenterica superior wurde fur 1 h (Gruppe 2; n=9), 2 h (Gruppe 3; n=6) und 3 h (Gruppe 4; n=7) abgeklemmt und 2 h reperfundiert. Die histologische Beurteilung erfolgte an Hamatoxylin-Eosin- und NaphtolAS-D-Chlorazetatesterase-gefarbten Praparaten. Es entwickelte sich ein Reperfusionsschock in Abhangigkeit von der Ischamiedauer. Nach lstundiger Ischamie stabilisierte sich der Blutdruck mit erniedrigten Werten sowie einer Normalisierung des Serumlaktatspiegels und des intramuralen pHi des Dunndarms. Eine Verlangerung der Ischamie auf 2 h (G…

Chirurgische Therapie bei Karzinoiden des Gastrointestinaltraktes

2001

More than 70% of all carcinoids are localized in the gastrointestinal tract. Carcinoids of the upper, middle and lower intestines have to be distinguished ontogenetically. The classification according to Capella takes into account the size of the tumor ( 2 cm), the grade of invasion of other structures, the grade of angioinvasion, the biologic behaviour, the grade of differentiation and the hormonal activity of the tumor. A carcinoid-syndrome is rarely found. Carcinoids of the small intestine occur multiple in 30-50% and in 20-30% a second malignant tumor is seen. In carcinoids of the colon this percentage is even higher (25-40%). The therapy of carcinoids depends on the size of the tumor a…

Third International Congress of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

1968

The tissue distribution of enzymatic activities in intestinal metaplasia stomachs exhibiting chronic gastritis was compared histochemically with that of the small intestine in man.

Cetuximab in small bowel adenocarcinoma: a new friend?

2010

Sir, Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare and aggressive tumour. SBA in the United States increased from 5.7 cases per million in 1973 to 7.3 cases per million in 2004 (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER), 1973–2004 database; Jemal et al (2009). Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, even if chemotherapy in advanced disease has been associated with an increased survival. The most effective agents include 5-FU, irinotecan, platinum agents and gemcitabine (Fishman et al, 2006; Speranza et al, 2010). The molecular characterisation of this cancer could help to improve prognosis. Specifically, the frequency of KRAS gene mutations is similar than in colorectal cancer (Ari et al,…

2020

α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, the influence of an ALA-rich diet on intestinal microbiota composition and its impact on small intestine morphology are not fully understood. In the current study, we kept adult C57BL/6J mice for 4 weeks on an ALA-rich or control diet. Characterization of the microbial composition of the small intestine revealed that the ALA diet was associated with an enrichment in Prevotella and Parabacteroides. In contrast, taxa belonging to the Firmicutes phylum, including Lactobacillus, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Lachnospiraceae and Streptococcus, had significantly lower abundance compared to control diet. Metagenome p…

Clinical Translation and First In-Human Use of [44Sc]Sc-PSMA-617 for PET Imaging of Metastasized Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer

2017

Background: Various trivalent radiometals are well suited for labeling of DOTA-conjugated variants of Glu-ureido-based prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors. The DOTA-conjugate PSMA-617 has proven high potential in PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) of prostate cancer as well as PET imaging when labeled with lutetium-177 and gallium-68 respectively. Considering the relatively short physical half-life of gallium-68 this positron emitter precludes prolonged acquisition periods, as required for pre-therapeutic dosimetry or intraoperative applications. In this context, the positron emitter scandium-44 is an attractive alternative for PET imaging. We report the synthesis of [44Sc…